find the location of my-file.txt in the files.tar tar archive.
You can use this short tar command.
tar -tvf files.tar | grep myfile.txt
Or this more verbose tar command.
tar --list --verbose --file files.tar | grep myfile.txt
The commands above will list the files inside the files.tar tar archive that match my-file.txt.
If you don't recall the exact name of the file you need to find, you can grep for part of the filename Ie. grep my-file.
-t or --list tells tar to extract an existing archivev or --verbosetells tar to produce verbose outputf or --filetells tar that the next parameter will be the tar file to create, extract, append to, list, etc.